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Brea is a city in Orange County, California, United States. The population, as of the 2000 census, was 35,410, making it Orange County's 25th most populous city of 34.

The city began as a center of crude oil production, was later propelled by citrus production, and is now an important retail center because of the large Brea Mall and the recently redeveloped Brea Downtown. Brea is also known for its extensive public art program which began in 1975 and continues today with over 140 artworks in the collection placed and located throughout the city. Brea's public art program has been used as a model and inspiration for many Public Art programs nationwide.

Sunset magazine has named Brea one of the five best places to live in the Western United States.

The area was visited in 1769 by Gaspar de Portolà. A historical marker dedicated to his visit stands in Brea Canyon just north of town. He noted the local Native Americans as "dirty" without realizing that they used crude oil bubbling up in the canyon as topical medicine.

Oil fields of the Brea area, early 1900s

The village of Olinda was founded in present-day Carbon Canyon at the beginning of the 19th century and many entrepreneurs came to the area searching for "black gold" (petroleum). In 1894, the owner of the land, Abel Stearns, sold 1,200 acres (4.9 km) to the west of Olinda to the newly-created Union Oil Company, and by 1898 many nearby hills began sporting wooden oil-drilling towers. In 1908 the village of Randolph was founded just south of Brea Canyon for the oil workers and their families (and named for Epes Randolph, an engineer on the Pacific Electric Railway). Baseball legend Walter Johnson grew up in Olinda at the turn of the century where he worked in the surrounding oil fields as a youth.

The villages of Olinda and Randolph grew and merged as the economy boomed, and on January 19, 1911, the town's map was filed under the new name of Brea, from the Spanish language word for tar. With a population of 752, Brea was incorporated on February 23, 1917, as the eighth official city of Orange County.

As oil production declined, some agricultural development took place, especially lemon and orange groves. In 1950 Brea had a population of 3,208. The citrus groves gave way gradually to industrial parks and residential development. In 1956, Carl N. Karcher opened the first two Carl's Jr. restaurants in Anaheim, California and Brea, California. The opening of the Orange Freeway (57) and the Brea Mall in the 1970s spurred further residential growth. In the late 1990s, a 50 acre swath of downtown Brea centered on Brea Boulevard and Birch Street was heavily redeveloped into a shopping and entertainment area with movie theaters, sidewalk cafes, a live comedy club from The Improv chain, numerous shops and restaurants, and a weekly farmer's market. It is locally known and signed as Downtown Brea.

Brea is located at 33°55′24″N 117°53′20″W? / ?33.923339°N 117.888924°W? / 33.923339; -117.888924.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 27.3 km² (10.6 mi²). 27.3 km² (10.5 mi²) of it is land and 0.09% is water.

It is bordered by unincorporated Orange County and Los Angeles County to the north and east, La Habra to the west, Fullerton to the southwest, Placentia to the south, and Yorba Linda to the southeast.

Brea, like most of Southern California, enjoys year-round pleasant weather. :
- On average, the warmest month is August.
- The highest recorded temperature was 108°F in 2004.
- On average, the coolest month is January.
- The lowest recorded temperature was 30°F in 2002.
- The maximum average precipitation occurs in February.

The period of April through November is warm to hot and dry with average high temperatures of 73 - 86°F and lows of 51 - 63°F. Due to the moderating effect of the ocean, temperatures are cooler than more inland areas of Los Angeles, where temperatures frequently exceed 90°F (32°C) and occasionally reach 100°F (38°C) in inland areas (due to the moderating effect of the ocean).

The period of November through March is somewhat rainy, as shown in the table to right.

The Los Angeles area is also subject to the phenomenon typical of a microclimate. As such, the temperatures can vary as much as 18°F (10°C) between inland areas and the coast, with a temperature gradient of over one degree per mile (1.6 km) from the coast inland. California has also a weather phenomenon called "June Gloom or May Gray", which sometimes gives overcast or foggy skies in the morning at the coast, but usually gives sunny skies by noon, during late spring and early summer.

The greater Los Angeles area averages 15 inches (385 mm) of precipitation annually, which mainly occurs during the winter and spring (November thru April) with generally light rain showers, but sometimes as heavy rainfall and thunderstorms. Coastal areas get slightly lower rainfall, while the mountains gets slightly higher rainfall. Snowfall is extremely rare in the city basin, but the mountains within city limits slopes typically receive snowfall every winter.

Brea City Hall, Civic & Cultural Center

Brea is governed by a mayor-council system. The five member City Council is elected for four year terms in elections every two years to fill alternately two and three seats. The Council is made up of the Mayor, the Mayor Pro Tem and three Councilmembers. The Council elects a Mayor from the current councilmembers to serve a one-year term as Mayor. The City Council hires a City Manager to direct the city's departments and advise the Council. The Council appoints members of the Planning Commission; Parks, Recreation and Human Services Commission; Cultural Arts Commission and Traffic Committee.

City services

Fire protection for Brea is provided by the Brea Fire Department and law enforcement is provided by Brea PD.

Management of the city and coordination of city services is provided by:

In the state legislature Brea is located in the 29th Senate District, represented by Republican Bob Huff, and in the 72nd Assembly District, represented by Republican Michael D. Duvall. Federally, Brea is located in California's 42nd congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of R +10 and is represented by Republican Gary Miller.

The current 2007 estimate shows there is a population of around 39,650. The racial makeup of the city is 77.33% White, 1.26% Black or African American, 0.52% Native American, 9.09% Asian, 0.22% Pacific Islander, 7.76% from other races, and 3.82% from two or more races. 20.35% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 13,067 households out of which 34.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.21.

In the city the population was spread out with 25.6% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $64,820, and the median income for a family was $68,423. Males had a median income of $50,500 versus $35,674 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,307. About 3.4% of families and 5.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.7% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.

As of June 25, 2009 there were 23,859 registered voters in the city of Brea::

• Republican Party - 11,854
• Democratic Party - 6,940
• declined to state - 4,180
• American Independent Party - 558
• Libertarian Party - 120
• Green Party- 86
• Peace and Freedom Party - 41
• Miscellaneous - 80

The city is served by the Brea Olinda Unified School District which operates six elementary schools, one junior high school (Brea Junior High School), one high school (Brea Olinda High School) and one continuation high school. Also serving Brea is the Brea Olinda Friends School (Pre-6), Brea Congregational Pre-School, Brea Foursquare Church (Pre-5), Brea United Methodist Pre-School ("BUMPS"), Carbon Canyon Christian School (K-12), Christ Lutheran School (Pre-8), St. Angela Merici Catholic School (K-8), and Montessori of Brea (K-6). Brea is also home to the Southern California College of Business and Law and the Southern California extension of Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary.